{"id":12768,"date":"2023-02-02T11:55:28","date_gmt":"2023-02-02T08:55:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/?p=12768"},"modified":"2023-04-30T10:51:28","modified_gmt":"2023-04-30T07:51:28","slug":"%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u064e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0624\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0643\u0629\u0649 (3 \u0643\u0645 ) \u0644\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0624\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0648 \u062a\u0629\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0629\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629. \u0647\u0629\u0631 \u0644\u0629\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0630\u0629\u0644\u064e\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062e\u0629\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u063a \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0632\u0629\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u062b\u0634\u062a\u0649 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0629\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0624 \u0643\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0644\u0629\u062e\u0624\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0636\u0629\u0646\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0624\u0645\u0629\u062a\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0647\u0629\u0644\u064e\u062f\u0629\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u0645\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0648 \u0647\u0629\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u062f\u0629\u0628\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0648 \u062c\u0624\u0637\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0629\u0647\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0629\u0631 \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0624\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0629([1]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c\u0644\u0629\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\u0634\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0634\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0643\u0629\u0626\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0634\u062a \u0646\u0624 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0629\u0636\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0648 \u0648 \u0628\u0624 \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0629\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0629 \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u064e\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0629\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648 \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\u0634\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0629\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0647\u0629\u0644\u064e\u062f\u0629\u0628\u0629\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0649\u064e \u0628\u0624 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0649 \u0632\u0629\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0643\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0644\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629: \u0628\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062b\u0634\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0634\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062b\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0629\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u0649 ( 1940 ) \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646. \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u062a \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0629\u062f\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0629\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0627 \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u0626\u0627\u0648 \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0629\u0626\u0627\u0630\u0629\u0644\u064e\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648 \u0643\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062e\u0629\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u0626\u0629\u0648 \u0643\u0629\u0645\u0629 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0624\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0634\u0649 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0649 ( 50-70 ) \u062e\u064a\u064e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u0636\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0629\u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0624 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0639\u064a\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0622\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0629\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0629\u062c\u064a\u064e\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0631\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u0629\u063a\u062f\u0627\u0648 \u0643\u0629\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0648… \u0647\u062a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0649 \u0631\u0650\u0627\u062b\u0629\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0629\u0643 \u0632\u0624\u0631\u0628\u0629\u0649 \u062e\u0629\u0644\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631 \u0637\u0629\u0646\u062c\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0631\u0650\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u0646\u062f\u0629\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0644\u0622\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629. \u0626\u0629\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0629\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u0649\u064e: (( \u0644\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0645\u0629\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0646\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0629\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0628\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0645\u0629\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u0629\u0644\u062f\u0627 \u062b\u0629\u062a\u0631\u0624\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0648 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0645 : \u0630\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0628\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0624 \u0637\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0629\u0648 \u0643\u0629\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0637\u064a\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u0644\u0629\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 1831 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0624\u0649 \u0646\u0629\u062e\u0624\u0634\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0639\u0629\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0629\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0646))([2]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0622 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 1913 \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0630\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0633\u0629\u062f \u0643\u0629\u0633 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629 \u0648 \u064a\u0629\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u0629\u0643 \u0642\u0629\u0634\u0629\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629([3]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u0628\u0629\u062b\u064a\u064e\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u064e\u062a \u062b\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0629\u0636\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0644\u0629\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 1913 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0624 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  \u0644\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0624\u0630\u0649 17 \/ 10 \/ 2012 \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0630\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0629( 99 ) \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0649 \u0648 ( 27 ) \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0626\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646 ( 437 ) \u0643\u0629\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646 ( 127 ) \u0643\u0629\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0649 \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0649 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646( 564 ) \u0643\u0629\u0633\u0629.\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0631\u0650\u0627\u064a\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ( 126 ) \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0629([4]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 2022 \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0629, \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 118 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0649 \u0648 25 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0626\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u062a\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0629\u0630\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0629\u060c ( \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a ) \u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u062a\u0629\u0649 (\u0627\u064b\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a) \u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0645\u0629\u0634 \u0634\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0650\u0648\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0648 \u0648 \u0634\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0629\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0629\u064a\u0629\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0650\u0648\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c( \u0623\u0631\u0636 ) \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0643 \u0648 ( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a ) \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u064e\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u0628\u0624\u0636\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0629\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648 \u062e\u0629\u0644\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u0648\u0627  \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629\u0649 ( \u0647\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0631 ) \u062f\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0628\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649\u061b \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0629\u062f\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629.\u062f\u0629\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0624\u0631\u0645\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 (\u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0627)\u0634\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0649 (\u0637\u0646\u0632\u0627) \u0643\u0629\u0628\u0629\u062f\u0629\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0629\u062a \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0629\u0649 (\u0637\u0646\u0632\u0627) \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629: ( \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 )\u060c \u0645\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0648\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0629\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649( 1859 )\u062f\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0631\u0650\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0634\u0649 \u062a\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u0628\u0629 ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629.([5]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0630\u0631\u0627 \u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0629\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0649( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 ) \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0649 \u0641\u0629\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0624 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0627\u064a\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0644\u0629\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0629\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\u0628\u0629 ( \u0637 ) ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0647 ) \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 (1873)([6]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0649 ( \u0643\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0629\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0629\u0634\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0629 (\u0637 ) ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0647 ) \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629.([7]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u0629\u0648 \u0647\u0629\u0644\u064e\u062f\u0629\u0637\u0631\u0649\u064e \u0626\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0631 \u0648\u0634\u0629\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0629( \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a ) \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0626\u0629\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0634\u0649( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 )\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u062b\u064a\u064e\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629\u064a\u0629 ( \u0623\u0631\u0636 ) ( \u0636 )\u0649 \u0644\u0649\u064e \u0633\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 ( \u0623\u0631 ) \u0648\u0634\u0629\u0649 ( \u0645\u0648\u062a ) \u062a\u0629\u0646\u0647\u0627 ( \u0629 ) \u0628\u0624 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0637\u0624\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062a ) \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e \u0648 \u0646\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0649\u064e \u062f\u0629\u0628\u0649\u064e \u0628\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u064a\u0627\u0646 (\u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0627)\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0637\u0624\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0624\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0645 ( \u0629 ) ( \u0627 )\u0648\u0629\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0643\u0629\u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a ) \u0644\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0644\u064e \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0629 ( \u0629\u060c\u0627 ) \u0628\u0632\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a ) \u0644\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0648\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0624\u0646\u0629\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0649 \u062f\u0629\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0629\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0624 \u062f\u0629\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0634\u0629\u0649 \u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0649( \u0629 ) ( \u0627 ) \u062b\u0629\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629\u0628\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0643\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0643 \u0628\u0629\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643 \u062f\u0629\u0628\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0634\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0629\u0648\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0624\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u0644\u064e\u062f\u0629\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a( \u0629 ) ( \u0627 ) \u0628\u062e\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629\u0633\u0629\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0629\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062f\u0627 \u0626\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0649 \u0644\u0629\u0628\u0629\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 1859 ( \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0628\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646: ( \u0627\u064f\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647 ) \u0646\u0629\u0643 ( \u0627\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0647 ) \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0646\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0645 ( \u062a ) \u0628\u0624 (\u0637)\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0644\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0646\u0649\u064e \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0629\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0636\u0648\u0648\u0629\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0649 ( \u062a ) \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0646 \u0628\u0629 ( \u0637 ) \u0628\u0624 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 ( \u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 ) \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 (\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0649 )… \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0649 ( \u0637) \u0634\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0649 (\u062a)\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062a\u0624\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0631 \u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0629\u0649 ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0649\u064e \u0643\u0629\u0628\u0629\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0627 ) \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0632\u0629\u0648\u0649\u060c (\u062a) \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0649 \u062b\u0629\u064a\u0648\u0629\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0629\u0643 \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0646( \u062e\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0646)(\u062e\u0627\u0643+\u0649+\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648)  \u062b\u0629\u064a\u0648\u0629\u0633\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0646  \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0649 (\u062a)\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629  \u0644\u0629\u0628\u0631\u0650\u0637\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0649 ( \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 )\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0629\u0643\u0648 \u062e\u0624\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0637\u0624\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629) \u0642\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0629\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0629\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0629(\u0626\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629)\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0649 \u0643\u0629\u0648\u062a\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0633\u0629\u0631 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0649 ( \u0631 ) \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0629 ( \u0631\u0650 ) \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0629\u062a\u0645\u0629\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u0632\u0624\u0631\u0628\u0629\u0649 ( \u0631 )\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0629 ( \u0631\u0650 )\u0649 \u0642\u0629\u0644\u064e\u0629\u0648 \u062f\u0629\u062e\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0647\u0629\u0631\u0633\u0629\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629\u062a \u0628\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 (\u0626\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0624\u0644\u064e\u062f): \u0643\u0629\u0633\u0629\u0631\u0624\u0643\u0649 \u0628\u0629\u0634\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0624\u0649 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646\u062b\u0643 \u0644\u0629\u0626\u0629\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0629\u062b\u064a\u064e\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629: ((\u0648\u0634\u0629\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u062f\u0629\u0637\u0629\u064a\u064e\u0646\u064a\u064e\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0628\u0629\u0634\u0649 \u064a\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0645\u0649 (\u0626\u0629\u0631- \u0647\u0629\u0631) \u0646\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0649 \u0636\u064a\u064a\u0629))([8]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0649([9]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u062a:((\u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0632\u0624\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629: \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629([10]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0626\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u064a\u064e\u062a\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629: \u062e\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631([11]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0626\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0629\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0629 (\u0626\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627)\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0633\u0629\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0629\u0637\u0629\u064a\u064e\u0646\u064a\u064e\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0629\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629:\u0626\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0626\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0646([12]<\/a>)<\/sup>… ))([13]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u0633\u0629\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629\u062a \u0628\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649  ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) (\u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u0645\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u0629 ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629) \u0637\u0624\u0649 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0628\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0629 ( \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0637\u0624\u062f\u0629\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0649( \u0647 ) \u0634\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0649 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0649( \u0623 ) \u062f\u0629\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0629\u0643 \u0644\u0629\u0648\u0634\u0629\u0649( \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629 ) \u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0629\u0636\u0629\u0649  \u0648\u0634\u0629\u0643\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0629\u0637\u0624\u0631\u0650\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0628\u0624( \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629 )\u060c (\u0626\u0629\u0633\u062b) \u062f\u0629\u0637\u0624\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0628\u0624 ( \u0626\u0629\u0633\u062b ) \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 (\u0647 ) \u0634\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0649 ( \u0626\u0640 ) \u062f\u0629\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0626\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0637\u0624\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0646\u060c ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0637\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0629 ( \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0624 \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629 ( \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0628\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 ( \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0646 )\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0626\u0629\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u0629\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u064e\u0643\u0648 \u0644\u0629\u0637\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0649 \u062b\u064a\u062a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0629\u0643 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0624 \u0643\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  \u0644\u0629\u0626\u0629\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629\u064a\u0629\u062f\u0627 \u0637\u0629\u064a\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0626\u0629\u0648\u0629\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0629\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0629\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0631 ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0627 ) ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0647 ) ( \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0628\u0629\u062f\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0630\u064a\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0624\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643 \u0628\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0629\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u064e\u062a ( \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 )\u0628\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0647\u064a\u064e\u0646\u064a\u064e\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0629\u0633 \u0643\u0629\u0628\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0629\u0631\u0629\u0628\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0629\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u064e\u062a ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 ) \u0628\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0647\u064a\u064e\u0646\u064a\u064e\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0646 \u0648 \u0636\u0629\u0633\u062b\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0634 \u0644\u0629\u062b\u064a\u062a\u0649 ( \u0647\u060c \u0623 ) \u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u062f\u0629\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0629\u0636\u0629\u0649  \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0629 ( \u0626\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 )\u064a\u0629\u0648 \u0628\u0629\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u064e\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0624\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629\u062a\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0634\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u0629\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0646\u0629\u062e\u0634\u0629\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 1992\u060c \u0628\u0629\u062b\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0629\u0631\u0649 1\/25000 (\u0628\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629). \u0626\u0629\u0645 \u0646\u0629\u062e\u0634\u0629\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0629. \u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u062a\u0629 \u0631\u0650\u0648\u0648:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([1])\u0628\u0629\u062b\u064a\u064e\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0649 \u062f\u0629\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0629\u0649 \u0632\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649  \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0629\u064a\u0646\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0648\u0648: \u0643\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u0626\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0637\u0629\u0631\u0636\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0637\u0624\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0648\u064a\u0629\u0633\u062b\u0649\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0631\u062a \u062c\u0629\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0628\u0629\u0646\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0629\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u0634\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0637\u0631\u0650\u0648\u0648(\u0628\u0629\u0631\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0629\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0650\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u062c\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0634\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0636\u0629\u0643\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0633\u064a\u064e\u0645\u0644\u0629\u0643\u0629(\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0645\u0644\u0629)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0634\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0624\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0649\u060c \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0624\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0637\u0629\u0631\u0636\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0637\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0629\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0629\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0634\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0634\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0631\u062f\u0624\u0643\u0649\u064e\u060c \u062f\u064a\u064e\u0631\u0629\u0637\u0636\u0643\u0629\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0629\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0631\u0643\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0634\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0637\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0630\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0629\u0631\u0628\u0629\u0646\u062f\u0624\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a\u064e\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0642\u0629\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0624\u0631\u0650\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0629\u0631\u0636\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0624\u0645\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0648\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0626\u0629\u062d\u0645\u0629\u062f\u0648\u0643\u0629…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u0629\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0632\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629: \u0642\u0624\u062a\u0629\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0650\u0629\u0632\u0649 \u062b\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0629\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0632\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0629\u062a\u0631\u0650\u0624\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0626\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0634\u062a \u062c\u0624\u0637\u0629\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0634\u0649\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0629\u0648\u0644\u0622\u063a\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0631\u064a\u0645. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([2])\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0644\u064e(\u0626\u0629\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0629\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629-\u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\u060c 6-7-2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([3])<\/sup> <\/sup>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0643\u060c 2010\u060c \u0635 106.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([4])\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0629\u0634\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0626\u0629\u0648\u0637\u0648\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0629\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0629\u062f \u0643\u0629\u0633\u0649 \u062a\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0628\u0629\u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0648\u0648\u0643 \u0626\u0629\u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a. \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0648 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0648 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u0629\u0633\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0648 \u0646\u0624\u0633\u0629\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0629\u062a\u0648 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u0629\u0633\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631 \u0637\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0647\u0629\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u0633 \u062a\u064a\u064e\u062b\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0628\u0649\u064e\u060c \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u062c\u0624\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0626\u0629\u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([5]) \u062a\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0626\u0629\u062d\u0645\u0629\u062f \u062d\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0632\u0649\u060c \u0645\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c  \u06282\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 1984\u060c \u064467.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([6])\u0633.\u062b.\u0644 67.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([7])\u0633.\u062b\u060c \u064467.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([8])\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0629\u0631 \u0644\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0644\u064e(\u062f.\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u062d\u0629\u0633\u0629\u0646)\u060c \u0644\u0629\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0649 1974\u060c  \u0645\u0627\u0645\u0624\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0649 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0624\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c 20\/12\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([9])\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0629\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u0624\u0649 (\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0646)\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0644\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0626\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0646: \u0634\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0642\u0629\u0634\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0629\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644\u064e\u060c \u062b\u0627\u062b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([10])\u0632\u0624\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0629\u0637\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0629\u062e\u062a\u0649 \u062e\u0624\u0649 \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0634\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0644\u0629\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0649 \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0644\u0629\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0648\u0629\u0643\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u0649 1980 \u062e\u0629\u0628\u0629\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0629\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0629 15-8-2013 \u0637\u0629\u0634\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0624\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0631\u0650\u0630\u0647\u0629\u0644\u0622\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629\u0648 \u0647\u0629\u0645\u0648\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0629\u0642\u0629\u0634\u0629\u0648 \u0634\u0629\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0643\u0629\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u062a\u0629\u0645\u0629\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u062b\u0631\u0633\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0636 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0645 \u062f\u0629\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0648\u062a.\u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u0634\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0634\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629\u0634 \u0626\u0629\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0645\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0629\u0631\u062a \u0646\u064a\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u0645\u0648\u0648 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0634 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0624\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0629\u0634\u064a\u064e\u0643 \u0644\u0629\u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0629\u0631\u0629\u0628\u0649 \u062f\u0629\u062b\u0629\u064a\u0638\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([11])\u0643\u0629\u0633\u0629\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0629\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0629\u0631\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0649 \u062f\u0629\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([12])\u0626\u0629\u0645 \u062c\u0624\u0631\u0629\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0629\u062a \u0645\u0629\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0629\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0629\u0643\u0624\u0645\u0629\u0644\u064e\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643 \u0628\u0629 (\u0626\u0629\u0631)\u062f\u0629\u0633\u062a \u062b\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0629\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0634 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0632\u0624\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0629\u0642\u0629\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0629\u0633\u062a \u062b\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0646 \u0648\u0629\u0643: \u0642\u0629\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0629\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0629\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0629\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0631… \u0644\u0629\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0629\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0629\u0631\u0650\u0624\u0630\u0647\u0629\u0644\u0622\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0629\u0628\u0629\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 (\u0642\u0629\u0631\u0629\u062e\u0627\u0646)\u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0629\u0644\u0629(\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f)\u064a\u0634 \u062f\u0629\u0631\u062f\u0629\u0636\u064a\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0629\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0622\u062e \u0647\u0629\u064a\u0629… <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>([13])\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0630\u0629\u0631 \u0644\u0629\u0637\u0629\u0644\u064e(\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0631\u0650\u0624\u0630\u0647\u0629\u0644\u0622\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 15-8- 2013.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647         \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u064e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0624\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0643\u0629\u0649 (3 \u0643\u0645 ) \u0644\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0624\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":12787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-ku"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647         \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u064e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0624\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0643\u0629\u0649 (3 \u0643\u0645 ) \u0644\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0624\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/----Syriac-Culture-108231365173116\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-02T08:55:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-04-30T07:51:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"798\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@mardutha\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@mardutha\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/cfb8596137ef3d908ae0869a66ca96da\"},\"headline\":\"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-02T08:55:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-30T07:51:28+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":34,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/02\\\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Uncategorized @ku\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ckb\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/02\\\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-02T08:55:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-30T07:51:28+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ckb\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ckb\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/02\\\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/02\\\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":798},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\",\"description\":\"\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ckb\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Mardutha\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ckb\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/Logo-01-1-e16506131483141.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/Logo-01-1-e16506131483141.jpg\",\"width\":850,\"height\":638,\"caption\":\"Mardutha\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/----Syriac-Culture-108231365173116\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/mardutha\",\"https:\\\/\\\/instagram.com\\\/mardutha.syriac\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mardutha.com\\\/ku\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/cfb8596137ef3d908ae0869a66ca96da\",\"name\":\"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ckb\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c19b44640f9878eca4f09df3c86ee41415fa8a80b21b397f9b5351e1f96aae3a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c19b44640f9878eca4f09df3c86ee41415fa8a80b21b397f9b5351e1f96aae3a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c19b44640f9878eca4f09df3c86ee41415fa8a80b21b397f9b5351e1f96aae3a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","og_description":"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647         \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u064e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0629\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u0648 \u062f\u0629\u0643\u0629\u0648\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0629\u0643\u0624\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0643\u0629\u0649 (3 \u0643\u0645 ) \u0644\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0629\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0629\u0644\u0622\u0645 \u0626\u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0629\u0647\u0624\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0624\u064a\u0629 […]","og_url":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/","og_site_name":"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/----Syriac-Culture-108231365173116\/","article_published_time":"2023-02-02T08:55:28+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-04-30T07:51:28+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":798,"url":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@mardutha","twitter_site":"@mardutha","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647","Est. reading time":"10 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/"},"author":{"name":"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#\/schema\/person\/cfb8596137ef3d908ae0869a66ca96da"},"headline":"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629","datePublished":"2023-02-02T08:55:28+00:00","dateModified":"2023-04-30T07:51:28+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/"},"wordCount":34,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg","articleSection":["Uncategorized @ku"],"inLanguage":"ckb","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/","url":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/","name":"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg","datePublished":"2023-02-02T08:55:28+00:00","dateModified":"2023-04-30T07:51:28+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ckb","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ckb","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646.jpg","width":1200,"height":798},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%83%d9%89-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%87%d8%a9%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d8%a9\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0629\u0631\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/","name":"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","description":"\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ckb"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#organization","name":"Mardutha","url":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ckb","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Logo-01-1-e16506131483141.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Logo-01-1-e16506131483141.jpg","width":850,"height":638,"caption":"Mardutha"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/----Syriac-Culture-108231365173116\/","https:\/\/x.com\/mardutha","https:\/\/instagram.com\/mardutha.syriac"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/#\/schema\/person\/cfb8596137ef3d908ae0869a66ca96da","name":"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ckb","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c19b44640f9878eca4f09df3c86ee41415fa8a80b21b397f9b5351e1f96aae3a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c19b44640f9878eca4f09df3c86ee41415fa8a80b21b397f9b5351e1f96aae3a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c19b44640f9878eca4f09df3c86ee41415fa8a80b21b397f9b5351e1f96aae3a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0647"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/52"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12768"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12768\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12800,"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12768\/revisions\/12800"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardutha.com\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}